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Single sign-on (SSO) is a property of access control consisting of multiple related, but independent software systems. With SSO, a user logs in once, and gains access to all systems without being prompted to log in again at each of them.

Active Directory (AD) is a directory service that provides a central location for network administration and security. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is used to query and make changes to directory service data.

Active Directory stores all information and settings for a deployment in a central database. Active Directory allows administrators to assign policies, deploy and update software. Active Directory networks can vary from a small installation with a few computers, to users and printers to tens of thousands of users, to many different network domains and large server farms spanning many geographical locations.